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Federal funding for research and development would increase by 8.1 percent, or $9.5 billion, to $127 billion in FY 2004, if Congress approves the omnibus appropriations bill that was introduced in November 2003. The increase in funding for R&D is heavily weighted toward defense agencies, with modest growth in other areas. Non-defense R&D would grow by 2.9 percent while defense R&D would jump by 12.5 percent (Table 1).
More than 93 percent of the net increase in R&D funding would be allocated to three agencies: the Department of Defense (DOD), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). R&D funding for the Department of Defense would rise by $7.6 billion, which accounts for 80 percent of the total increase in R&D across all federal agencies. Very little of the federal investment in environmental R&D is administered through the three agencies mentioned above. Overall, R&D programs at the remaining agencies would increase by 2.7 percent.
As reported in the November 2003 issue of the Science, Environment and Policy Report, the National Science Foundation (NSF) would receive a 4.7 percent budget increase in FY 2004. While the NSF would fare better than many other federal R&D agencies, its FY 2004 budget would be far below the level specified in the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 ("NSF Doubling Act"). R&D funding for the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) would increase by 5.8 percent—largely driven by a doubling of the National Environmental Satellite and Data Information Service budget.
The R&D budgets for the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) would barely keep pace with inflation in FY 2004, with R&D funding for these agencies increasing by 1.7 percent and 1.6 percent, respectively.
R&D funding for the Department of Energy would increase by 6.1 percent. This would be driven by a 10.4 percent increase in funding for Energy R&D and a 6.7 percent increase for Atomic Energy Defense R&D. The Office of Science would increase by only 3.8 in FY 2004.
R&D programs in the following agencies would decrease funding relative to FY 2003: the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (-0.4 percent); the Departments of Agriculture (-4.9 percent), Transportation (-8.2 percent) and Education (-1.6 percent); the National Institute of Standards and Technology (-3.9 percent); and the Smithsonian Institution (-1.7 percent).
Six of the thirteen appropriations bills that provide funding for federal agencies in FY 2004 have been passed by Congress and signed into law by the President. The remaining seven appropriations measures have been combined in an omnibus bill. The House of Representatives passed the omnibus bill in December, but the Senate has yet to complete debate on the measure. The Senate is scheduled to resume consideration of the omnibus bill when it reconvenes on January 20, 2004.
Table 1. Federal Funding for R&D by Agency in the FY 2004 Budget
(budget authority in millions of dollars)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
| | ($ millions)
|
| Change from FY 2003
to Request
|
| Change from FY 2003
to FY 2004 Conf
| | FY 2003
| FY 2004
| FY 2004
| Amount
| Percent
|
| Amount
| Percent
|
| Estimate
| Request
| Conf.
| ($millions)
| (%)
|
| ($millions)
| (%)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Defense (military)
| 58,696
| 62,821
| 66,323
| 3,502
| 5.6%
|
| 7,627
| 13.0%
| ("S&T" 6.1,6.2,6.3 + Medical)
| 11,232
| 10,297
| 12,581
| 2,284
| 22.2%
|
| 1,349
| 12.0%
| (All Other DOD R&D)
| 47,465
| 52,524
| 53,742
| 1,218
| 2.3%
|
| 6,277
| 13.2%
| National Aeronautics & Space Admin.
| 10,999
| 11,025
| 10,958
| -67
| -0.6%
|
| -42
| -0.4%
| Energy
| 8,225
| 8,535
| 8,731
| 196
| 2.3%
|
| 506
| 6.1%
| (Office of Science)
| 3,075
| 3,066
| 3,190
| 124
| 4.0%
|
| 116
| 3.8%
| (Energy R&D)
| 1,281
| 1,289
| 1,414
| 125
| 9.7%
|
| 133
| 10.4%
| (Atomic Energy Defense R&D)
| 3,869
| 4,180
| 4,127
| -53
| -1.3%
|
| 257
| 6.7%
| Health and Human Services
| 27,566
| 28,203
| 28,473
| 270
| 1.0%
|
| 907
| 3.3%
| (National Institutes of Health)
| 26,245
| 26,946
| 27,093
| 147
| 0.5%
|
| 847
| 3.2%
| National Science Foundation
| 3,927
| 4,035
| 4,113
| 78
| 1.9%
|
| 186
| 4.7%
| Agriculture
| 2,276
| 1,943
| 2,166
| 223
| 11.5%
|
| -111
| -4.9%
| Homeland Security
| 669
| 907
| 1,044
| 137
| 15.1%
|
| 375
| 56.0%
| Interior
| 627
| 633
| 676
| 43
| 6.8%
|
| 49
| 7.9%
| (U.S. Geological Survey)
| 569
| 545
| 579
| 34
| 6.2%
|
| 10
| 1.7%
| Transportation
| 702
| 693
| 644
| -49
| -7.1%
|
| -58
| -8.2%
| Environmental Protection Agency
| 643
| 607
| 654
| 47
| 7.8%
|
| 11
| 1.6%
| Commerce
| 1,248
| 1,100
| 1,260
| 160
| 14.5%
|
| 11
| 0.9%
| (NOAA)
| 684
| 675
| 724
| 49
| 7.3%
|
| 40
| 5.8%
| (NIST)
| 527
| 410
| 506
| 96
| 23.4%
|
| -21
| -3.9%
| Education
| 315
| 275
| 310
| 35
| 12.8%
|
| -5
| -1.6%
| Agency for Int'l Development
| 267
| 275
| 285
| 10
| 3.8%
|
| 18
| 6.9%
| Department of Veterans Affairs
| 800
| 822
| 820
| -2
| -0.3%
|
| 20
| 2.5%
| Nuclear Regulatory Commission
| 59
| 60
| 60
| 0
| -0.6%
|
| 1
| 1.1%
| Smithsonian
| 128
| 127
| 126
| -1
| -1.0%
|
| -2
| -1.7%
| All Other
| 340
| 330
| 327
| -3
| -1.0%
|
| -13
| -3.9%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Total R&D
| 117,489
| 122,391
| 126,968
| 4,577
| 3.7%
|
| 9,480
| 8.1%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Defense R&D
| 63,056
| 67,518
| 70,938
| 3,420
| 5.1%
|
| 7,882
| 12.5%
| Nondefense R&D
| 54,433
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